Quick, the Appraiser Is at the Door!

Take the listing? Check! Sell the home? Check! Inspection completed? Check!
Appraisal okay? Things could have gone better! What happened?
Everyone benefits when appraisers and listing agents work together. Often a low appraisal value could have been avoided if all parties knew their roles at the beginning of the assignment instead of at the end.
It’s okay for a listing agent to communicate with an appraiser, but it’s inappropriate to demand a particular value. Per the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP), appraisers must arrive at their own supported conclusion. Look at the appraiser as an important part of the team but one who must remain independent, impartial, and objective. The appraiser is not, and cannot be, an advocate in a mortgage assignment.
That said, don’t wait until the appraiser is at the door to begin thinking about the appraisal. It’s a reality that the appraiser has already completed most of the work on the assignment before arriving at the house and would prefer information sooner rather than later.
Appraisers can do their best job when fully and properly informed. Brokerage professionals work with buyers and sellers every day and are experts when it comes to current market conditions. It’s appropriate to discuss your market knowledge with appraisers. A good appraiser doesn’t take any offense when it comes to reliable data and great information.
How else can you help an appraiser? Meet the appraiser during the appraisal inspection and provide the appraiser with a package, which at a minimum includes the following:
- MLS printout for the subject home
- Copy of the contract
- Spreadsheet of other offers received
- Property data sheet or brochure used during the marketing period
- List of improvements that includes year completed and cost
- Description of special features that make the subject property stand out from other homes in the area
- MLS printouts of sales you want the appraiser to consider
- MLS printouts of pending sales with actual contract prices
- MLS printouts of current listings
- Realtors Property Resource® (RPR) report using the Refine Value tool to offer your own opinion of value
- Survey of the property, if available
- Floor plan and measurement of the home, if available
Be reasonable with the selection of comparable sales. Take the time to learn the guidelines that an appraiser is required to follow instead of providing randomly selected sales, which may not even be allowed for consideration. Generally speaking, the best comparable sales to provide have the best combination of being located in the same marketing area, closed within the past three to six months, are in the same or similar condition, have a similar gross living area (- +/-5% ), and have the same number of bedrooms and bathrooms. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, FHA, and VA appraisal requirements vary. Not all appraisals are based on the same beginning instructions. Find a copy of each agency’s standards to be aware of the assignment conditions.
Regarding comparable sales, consider approaching the appraiser like this: “Here are comparables I used in pricing the home.” This type of a statement is very non-demanding and could go a long way toward establishing a good relationship with the appraiser.
Prior to an appraisal inspection, educate your clients on how to best prepare for the appraisal, which is really the same instructions you’d provide for showings: beds made, house clean, lights on, yard looking its best, clutter gone, owners and pets gone, no smells, and so on. Sellers shouldn’t relax just because a house is under contract. It’s just as important to keep things looking their best straight through the closing.
What if the appraisal comes in below the sales price? Don’t call the appraiser directly to discuss it. Instead, ask the lender if you have the right to submit additional information for the appraiser’s reconsideration of value. Ask yourself for next time, could this information have been provided in “The Package”?
What if you feel the appraiser doesn’t have the proper experience to work in the subject area? Or, perhaps the appraiser isn’t familiar with the particulars of the property being appraised? It’s best to articulate your concerns to the lender early and in writing; when doing so, always being respectful of the appraiser and the lender.
The bottom line is that real estate agents and brokers can be advocates for their clients whereas an appraiser’s assignment is unrelated to a predetermined value or the attainment of a stipulated result. However, by having great documentation, keeping interactions professional, and keeping the home in order, listing agents and homeowners can open the door to a smooth appraisal process.
Tax Breaks for Older Couples Who Sell Their Homes

Consider Irene, who recently became a widow when her husband, Henry, died. Like most married couples, they held the title to their home in joint ownership with the right of survivorship. In plainer language, this means that co-owner Henry’s death results in his loss of all ownership in their dwelling. Surviving co-owner Irene automatically acquires all ownership in it.
Irene is uncertain what to do with her highly appreciated home. One option is to quickly sell it and move to where her daughter lives. But Irene should go slowly when it comes to major decisions such as home sales. Other options are to wait several years and then sell, or just stay put, in which case the residence would eventually wind up with her heirs.
Irene wants to know the tax consequences of selling or staying. First, she needs to understand the tax breaks for individuals who sell their principal residences.
Exclusions. The law authorizes “exclusions” that allow home sellers to sidestep income taxes on most of their profits when they unload their principal residences. The profit exclusions are as much as $500,000 for couples filing joint returns and as much as $250,000 for single persons. Sellers are liable for taxes on gains greater than $500,000 or $250,000.
Irene decides to sell. Can she exclude $500,000 or $250,000? The answer depends on the sale date and whether she remarries. Though she’s no longer married, recently widowed Irene still qualifies for the higher amount — as long as she sells within two years of Henry’s death. It’s the lower amount if she sells after the two-year deadline.
Irene remarries. If her new husband, Steve, then lives in the place as his principal residence for at least two years out of the five-year period that precedes the sale date, the profit exclusion will once again be $500,000.
Usually, a seller also has to own the place for those two years. That requirement doesn’t apply to Steve. That means his name doesn’t have to be on the title.
Moreover, the IRS says that Irene and Steve needn’t be married for all of the two years that precede the sale date. What do they need to do before the sale occurs? Just marry. This holds true even if their wedding precedes the sale by just one day.
Even if Irene doesn’t remarry — and even if she doesn’t sell within two years of Henry’s death — her taxable gain may be smaller than she fears. Suppose, as is likely, that Irene’s long-term capital gain profit from her home’s sale exceeds her exclusion ceiling and she’s liable for taxes on the gain.
Tax rates for long-term capital gains. For most sales, the tax rate usually is 15%, increasing to 20% for lots of high-income sellers. It goes as high as 23.8% for those who are in the top income tax bracket of 37% and subject to the Medicare surtax of as much as 3.8% on income from certain kinds of investments, including profits from home sales.
State income taxes. On top of Uncle Sam’s take, state income taxes may also be owed. I caution Irene that she might not be able to deduct all those taxes.
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. This legislation imposed a $10,000 ceiling on write-offs for state and local income and property taxes. Another snag: Irene forfeits any write-off for state income taxes if she’s subject to the alternative minimum tax.
Step-up in basis. While my recitation of federal and state tax rates dismays her, Irene is pleased to get some good news that the government authorizes exceptional condolence gifts for Irene and other bereaved individuals who sell inherited homes, stocks and other assets that have appreciated in value. In tax lingo, the basis (the starting point for measuring gain or loss) of inherited assets “steps up” from their original basis (the cost upon purchase, in most instances) to their date-of-death value. It’s as if the inheritors had bought the assets that day.
On Henry’s death, a step-up in basis for their home benefits Irene when she sells her dwelling. What happens if she never sells? On Irene’s death, there’s a second step-up in basis that benefits her heirs.
The first step-up is only for Henry’s half interest. There’s a step-up of his adjusted basis (typically, half the original purchase price and half the cost of any subsequent home improvements) to what that half-interest is worth when he dies. If the couple lived in a community property state, the step-up is for the entire basis.
On Irene’s death, there’s a step-up of her adjusted basis (previously boosted by the step-up for Henry’s half interest) to what the entire home is worth when she dies. When the heirs sell the home, they’re liable for capital gains taxes only on post-inheritance appreciation.
The bottom line for Irene and her heirs: Whereas a sale by Irene of a home that has appreciated immensely can trigger sizable federal and state taxes, a sale by the heirs dramatically shrinks or even erases those taxes. Irene—and others in similar positions—should work with tax and estate planning professionals to ensure they’re making the best decisions for their long-term future plans.
5 terrible reasons to refinance your mortgage — that have nothing to do with today’s rising rates

After years of record-setting low mortgage rates, the days of easy loans are long gone.
But even with rates on the rise, there are plenty of excellent reasons to refinance your mortgage — like changing the length of your loan, switching from a variable to a fixed rate or tapping into your home’s equity.
- Americans are facing a recession — what should buyers be doing in this housing market?
- You could be the landlord of Walmart, Whole Foods and Kroger (and collect fat grocery store-anchored income on a quarterly basis)
- What do Ashton Kutcher and a Nobel Prize-winning economist have in common? An investing app that turns spare change into a diversified portfolio
That being said, exchanging your existing home loan for a new one isn’t always the right move. Here are five times a refinance can be a terrible idea — regardless of where interest rates stand.
1. You’re too focused on the immediate savings
If you can find a better deal than what you have now, refinancing to score a lower interest rate and lower monthly mortgage payment can be smart — but not if the new home loan won’t really save you money.
A refi doesn’t make financial sense if you may be moving soon. If you’re going to save $100 a month but will have to pay closing costs of $3,000, you’ll need to stay in the home for more than 30 months to come out ahead.
A refinance also can be a money loser when it causes you to stretch out your loan term. If you’ve been paying on your 30-year loan for 10 years and refi into a new 30-year mortgage, refinancing will saddle you with 10 extra years of interest charges.
2. You want freedom from credit card debt
Paying off high-interest credit card debt with low-interest mortgage debt isn’t the worst idea, but you’d better be absolutely certain you’ve learned your lesson about using plastic.
To wipe out your credit card balances, you’ll need to do what’s called a cash-out refinance: You borrow more than you owe on your home and take out the extra in cash. That money goes to your card issuer.
But you’ll be left with a larger mortgage and larger monthly payment. If you wind up in over your head with your credit cards all over again, you could put your house at risk.
3. You’re eager to renovate
A cash-out refinance can free up home equity to pay for home remodeling, like redoing your straight-out-of-the-1970s bathroom or finally getting that new kitchen you’ve been dreaming of, with all new appliances.
A refi for remodeling can be a low-cost way to borrow money for home improvement. But avoid projects that don’t add value to your home.
You’ll be taking on more debt, so you want to feel reasonably confident that you’ll get a [good return on your home remodeling investment]https://moneywise.com/real-estate/should-i-renovate-or-relocate).
4. You want to play the markets
Investing in stocks, bonds and other assets is the best way to build long-term wealth, but it’s very risky to invest with equity pulled from your home in a cash-out refi.
Refinancing is hardly worth the trouble for the modest earnings on “safe” investments like certificates of deposit. But more lucrative investments can involve considerable risk: You could lose your money and be left with nothing but a bigger mortgage.
Refinancing for the purpose of investing can be a bad move — unless you go about it carefully. Consider using an automated investing service, which automatically adjusts your portfolio to help you weather market storms.
5. You’re enticed by a ‘no-cost’ refi
What you’ve heard about lunches is true of mortgages, too: There’s no such thing as a free one.
Any mortgage comes with fees and other costs that have to be paid. So, be skeptical when a lender claims to offer a “no-cost” refinance, and never do a refi primarily for that reason.
These loans conceal the closing costs, similar to the way a mom might hide healthy vegetables in her kids’ mac and cheese. The costs may be rolled into your loan amount, or be passed on to you in the form of a higher interest rate.
What to read next
- High prices, rising interest rates and a volatile stock market — here’s why you need a financial advisor as a recession looms
- If you owe $25K+ in student loans, there are ways to pay them off faster
- With interest rates rising, now might be the time to finally tap into your home equity for cash
7 Most Popular Bathroom Upgrades
Homeowners are spending more money to spruce up their bathrooms as the pandemic-fueled home renovation boom continues. The national median spend for bathroom renovations jumped nearly 13% year over year to $9,000, according to the 2022 U.S. Houzz Bathroom Trends Study, a survey of more than 2,500 homeowners who are planning or recently completed a bathroom renovation.
“Bathrooms have always been a top room to renovate, and we’re seeing that homeowners—driven both by aesthetic desires and functional necessities—are doubling down on their investment in these private sanctuaries,” says Marine Sargsyan, a staff economist at Houzz, a home improvement website. “While the cost of products and materials has increased due to inflation and supply chain disruptions, renovation activity remains strong, propped up by high home equity and homeowners’ desire to stay put given limited housing supply.”
Homeowners who viewed their bathrooms as “outdated” were most likely to renovate them. The Houzz study uncovered some of the following trends in bathroom remodeling this year:

1. The statement vanity: More than three-quarters of homeowners surveyed upgraded their vanity cabinets during a bathroom renovation. “Homeowners are turning vanities into a focal point as one of the few areas of the bathroom to offer a splash of color,” the survey notes. Three in 10 homeowners chose wood or gray, followed by blue (14%), black (5%) and green (2%). Also, with vanity upgrades, engineered quartz was a top choice as a countertop material (40%), followed by natural stones like quartzite (19%), marble (18%) and granite (16%). As for door styles, shaker continues to dominate, followed by flat- and raised-panel doors. Bar pulls are the most popular vanity door handles.
2. Upgrading home systems: More homeowners are updating behind-the-scenes items in their bathroom remodel. For example, 59% of homeowners said they upgraded their ventilation system when renovating their bathroom; 14% upgraded to radiant heating; and 9% added a tankless water heater. “The increase in upgrades to home systems can add up to some of the highest costs but remains one of the most frequent enhancements to the bathroom this year,” the report notes.
3. All about the transitional: Nearly nine in 10 homeowners surveyed chose to change their bathroom’s style during a renovation. Transitional style has taken a significant lead, followed by modern and contemporary. Transitional styles offer a combination of traditional and modern elements, combining modern fixtures with antiques, for example.
4. White still dominates: White continues to be the most popular color for bathrooms across vanities, countertops and walls. Gray walls are popular both outside and inside the shower, but blue is also gaining traction. One in 10 homeowners selected blue walls outside the shower, the report notes. “Upgraded bathroom elements are gravitating towards solid colors, as multicolored countertops and shower walls have decreased in popularity among homeowners,” according to the Houzz report.
5. Showers remain a priority: When tackling bathroom renovations, homeowners continue to prioritize the shower as a focal point. Increasing the shower size is the second-most popular bathroom upgrade. For homeowners who remove the bathtub, nearly four in five opt to enlarge the shower, making it at least 25% bigger. More homeowners are relocating their showers after having a bathtub removed.
6. Greenery everywhere: More homeowners are adding greenery when renovating their bathrooms. “The overwhelming majority say it adds to the aesthetics of the room, while a smaller majority believe it creates a calming environment,” the report notes. “Practical benefits are also noted among renovating homeowners, including air purification, odor-fighting ability and antibacterial attributes.”
7. The high-tech commode: Nearly two in five homeowners also added high-tech features to their toilets. The report notes significant increases in bidets, self-cleaning elements, heated seats and built-in night lights.
Pricing a Bathroom Renovation
A recent study from House Method, a resource on housing providers, found that 71% of homeowners have built equity in their home through a home renovation over the last year. Bathrooms are one spot owners are targeting for some of the highest returns on investment, according to House Method’s report, Cost of a Bathroom Remodel in 2022. The study found that midrange bathroom remodeling projects have an average ROI rate of 70%, while upscale renovations fetch 60%.
Bathroom remodels can be costly, however. What should homeowners expect to pay? The following charts from House Method show the average costs of popular bathroom renovation projects.


Source: House Method
Article Courtesy of Melissa Dittmann Tracey
Chasing The Ball Down The Road In Real Estate
Sellers have been chasing the ball down the road. What I mean is prices have been going down lately, and sellers are trying to find the market through price reductions. I can’t speak for the entire country, but I’d like to talk about what’s happening locally. I’m not writing as a housing bull or bear either, but as a stats guy with the goal of objectivity. Anyway, some thoughts.
Expecting to pay less: Before getting to any stats, I wanted to mention that most people I talk to right now are aware that prices have been dipping. Well, besides some unrealistic sellers right now… Haha. Just yesterday I talked with two homeowners who spoke about prices softening as if it was common knowledge. Or someone called a few weeks ago wanting an appraisal very quickly for PMI removal to lock in a higher value before prices dipped. Have you seen offers from Opendoor in the mail lately? They are definitely lower. And let’s not forget actual market stats, which I’ll get to below.
Here is a visual from Len Kiefer to get at what I’m saying. There is an expectation of softer prices ahead. We’ll see what happens of course, but we want to pay attention to the psyche of buyers and sellers right now.
The median price is down 7% so far: The median price has gone down about 7% since May in the Sacramento region and Sacramento County. This is a much bigger change than usual for the time of year since the median price in August is usually down about 2% or so from the height of spring. This isn’t really a shocker though because we saw such a dramatic change with mortgage rates. In short, a sharp change in rates is causing a sharp change in the stats (including prices). But to be fair, this year is a bit awkward since prices crested one month early in May (usually prices peak in June). This means we have one extra month of declines to pad into the stats.
Seasonal decline or new downward cycle: Is this only a seasonal decline, or is it something bigger? Look, the truth is we need time to see the trend and understand it. For now, we’ve clearly experienced a huge contraction where about 25% of buyers have stepped back from the market. Moreover, we’ve seen sharp price declines for the time of year, so at the least we are in the midst of heightened seasonal declines. Could it be more? Yes. But we need time to understand how the market is going to go. I realize this is frustrating for some people to hear, but let’s remember the future hasn’t happened yet. For now, we are living in the midst of change and uncertainty. Here is something I wrote six months ago to talk about price cycles in case it’s useful.
There is still competition: The market is completely different than it was earlier in the year, but there is still competition. In fact, 25% of sales sold above the original list price last month and 43% of sales in August had more than one offer. These stats are lower than normal actually, but I wanted to mention this because sometimes we hear about softening prices and think literally everything is tanking and selling at a severe discount. It’s a mistake to impose a doom narrative on the market. Remember, there are many stories in real estate, and the story isn’t the same for every seller, buyer, or escrow. In case it’s helpful, here is advice for buyers and sellers in today’s market.
Affordability: The market has taken a beating with affordability, so there are fewer buyers able to play the game right now. There is no such thing as rates doubling and prices remaining the same. The math just doesn’t work.
One last note about home size: Keep in mind some of the price change lately has to do with smaller homes selling. I know the visual below is chaotic, but check out the dark blue line, which represents the average monthly square footage. Normally the size of homes peaks during May or June, and then we see smaller homes sell for the rest of the year. Can you see how when the dark line goes down, the lighter blue lines also go down (average sales price)? This is a good reminder that price change is also about what is being sold. And for the record, I’m not saying the median price is down by 7% due to size. I’m just saying some of the change lately has to do with smaller homes rather than only the market.
Okay, one last thing about size: During the beginning of the pandemic there was a blatant spike in home size due to a greater focus on larger homes at higher prices. This spike basically peaked one year ago as size has started to normalize. Now let’s keep watching to see what happens to size. Will we see smaller homes more often as first-time buyers flood the market? Will we see fewer sales at the highest prices? To be determined.
Closing thoughts: The market is always moving, and we are in the midst of change right now. Let’s keep watching the trend and being objective about the stats. It’s really easy today to get sucked into sensational narratives, so my advice is to stay grounded in the stats.
Article & Images Courtesy of Ryan Lundquist